Music

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Attributes related to music

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Pitch – Pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge a sound to be higher or lower. Pitch can be determined only in sounds that have a frequency that is clear and stable enough to distinguish from noise.
Pitch is closely related to frequency, but the two are not equivalent. Frequency is an objective, scientific attribute that can be measured. Pitch is each person's subjective perception of a sound wave, which cannot be directly measured.

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Loudness – In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure. More formally, it is defined as, "That attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be ordered on a scale extending from quiet to loud."

Timbre – In music, timbre is the perceived sound quality of a musical note, sound or tone.
It is that attribute of auditory sensation which enables a listener to judge that two non-identical sounds, similarly presented and having the same loudness and pitch, are dissimilar.

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Duration – In music, duration is an amount of time or a particular time interval: how long or short a note, phrase, section, or composition lasts.

Musical note – In music, a note is the pitch and duration of a sound, and also its representation in musical notation (♪, ♩).

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Do–Re–Mi–Fa–Sol–La–Si In traditional music theory, most countries in the world use the solfège naming convention, including for instance Italy, Portugal, Spain, France, Poland, Romania, most Latin American countries, Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Russia, and all the Arabic-speaking or Persian-speaking countries.
A, B, C, D, E, F and G  Within the English-speaking and Dutch-speaking world, pitch classes are typically represented by the first seven letters of the Latin alphabet.
A, H, C, D, E, F and G  A few European countries, including Germany, adopt an almost identical notation, in which H substitutes for B
Sa–Re–Ga–Ma–Pa–Dha–Ni (सा-रे-गा-मा-पा-धा-नि)  In Indian music the Sanskrit names are used.

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Octave – In music, an octave or perfect octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.

Accidental – In music, an accidental is a note of a pitch (or pitch class) that is not a member of the scale or mode indicated by the most recently applied key signature. In musical notation, the sharp (♯), flat (♭), and natural (♮) symbols, among others, mark such notes—and those symbols are also called accidentals.